Rainfall registered in March, April, and May 2021 properly reloaded the soil profile and favored the crop establishment and growing. However, in August and October rainfall was below average (1934-2020). Some late planting plots presented water-deficit stress. During crop growing, monthly mean temperatures were above average, if the period from 1934 to 2020 is considered, except in May and June. Late frosts affected some plots; there were more than 30 agronomic frosts between May and October.
Environmental conditions favored early attacks of stripe rust (Puccinia striiformis f.sp.tritici) and leaf rust (Puccinia tritici) at tillering, reaching moderate to high levels in susceptible cultivars. Black or stem rust (P. graminis-tritici) was seen by the end of October. The severity of the attacks was usually low in susceptible cultivars without significant impact on yield.
Following data from the Entre Rios Board of Trade (Informes SIBER Bolsacer - www.bolsacer.org.ar), planted area presented a year-on-year reduction of 1%, totaling 518,000 ha. Average yield was 3,649 Kg/h, 40% up from last year. This yield results from favorable weather conditions and good nutritional and health management of the crop.
Wheat Analysis
Parameters | Minimum | Maximum | Average | Standard Deviation | Variation Coefficient |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Test Weight (kg/hl) | 79,30 | 83,30 | 81,19 | 1,01 | 1,24 |
Total Damaged Kernels(%) | 0,04 | 0,63 | 0,19 | 0,15 | 79,31 |
Foreign Material(%) | 0,08 | 0,92 | 0,27 | 0,18 | 64,41 |
Shrunken and Broken Kernels(%) | 0,29 | 1,16 | 0,69 | 0,23 | 32,95 |
Yellow Berry Kernels(%) | 0,97 | 10,12 | 3,88 | 2,20 | 56,75 |
Protein (13,5% Moisture)(%) | 9,5 | 10,6 | 10,2 | 0,3 | 2,77 |
Protein(dry basis)(%) | 11,0 | 12,3 | 11,8 | 0,3 | 2,77 |
Weight of 1000 Kernels(g) | 31,33 | 39,54 | 35,39 | 1,96 | 5,53 |
Ash (% dry basis(%) | 1,220 | 1,780 | 1,503 | 0,159 | 10,57 |
Grade Distribution
Flour Analysis
Parameters | Parameters | Minimum | Maximum | Average | Standard Deviation | Variation Coefficient |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Milling |
Gluten Húmedo (%) | 18,4 | 25,8 | 23,2 | 1,7 | 7,22 |
Gluten Seco (%) | 7,0 | 9,4 | 8,0 | 0,6 | 7,03 | |
Falling Number (seg) | 353 | 437 | 384 | 18 | 4,77 | |
Rto. Harina (%) | 68,6 | 75,6 | 72,2 | 2,1 | 2,94 | |
Cenizas (s.s.s)(%) | 0,521 | 0,687 | 0,586 | 0,044 | 7,47 | |
Farinogram |
Absorción de Agua (14 % H)(%) | 54,0 | 68,4 | 57,9 | 4,0 | 6,83 |
Tiempo de Desarrollo (min) | 1,6 | 29,7 | 6,3 | 8,6 | 135,78 | |
Estabilidad (min) | 1,1 | 41,9 | 11,3 | 13,0 | 115,52 | |
Aflojamiento (12 min) | 11 | 104 | 50 | 25 | 50,37 | |
Alveogram |
P (mm) | 67 | 170 | 97 | 24 | 24,59 |
L (mm) | 20 | 92 | 62 | 18 | 29,29 | |
W joules X 10 4 | 139 | 268 | 219 | 28 | 12,83 | |
P / L | 0,73 | 8,50 | 1,94 | 1,47 | 75,72 |
Appendix Of Locality Composite Samples
Sample Identification | Wheats Analysis | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Sample Number | Locality, District or Department | Tonnaje | Grade | Test Weight (Kg/hl) | Total Damaged Kernels (%) | Foreign Material (%) | Shrunken And Broken Kernels (%) | Yellow Berry Kernels (%) | Protein (MOISTURE 13,5 % H°) (%) | Protein (dry basis) (%) | Weight Of 1000 Kernels (g) | Ash (dry basis) (%) |
301 | Paraná | 4100 | 1 | 83,30 | 0,47 | 0,28 | 0,76 | 2,12 | 10,4 | 12,0 | 39,54 | 1,670 |
302 | Paraná | 4025 | 2 | 82,80 | 0,20 | 0,40 | 0,61 | 6,46 | 10,0 | 11,6 | 37,40 | 1,520 |
303 | Paraná | 4125 | 1 | 82,30 | 0,04 | 0,15 | 0,68 | 0,97 | 10,6 | 12,3 | 36,38 | 1,450 |
304 | Paraná | 3030 | 1 | 81,20 | 0,08 | 0,41 | 0,70 | 1,36 | 10,4 | 12,0 | 36,38 | 1,440 |
305 | Diamante | 4485 | 1 | 82,20 | 0,21 | 0,27 | 0,61 | 3,38 | 9,8 | 11,3 | 36,68 | 1,440 |
306 | Diamante | 4580 | 1 | 82,00 | 0,11 | 0,16 | 0,59 | 5,40 | 10,4 | 12,0 | 35,86 | 1,430 |
307 | Feliciano | 1050 | 1 | 81,20 | 0,10 | 0,40 | 0,34 | 10,12 | 9,5 | 11,0 | 36,96 | 1,370 |
308 | Federal | 1125 | 2 | 81,20 | 0,08 | 0,16 | 0,59 | 7,83 | 10,1 | 11,7 | 35,28 | 1,340 |
309 | Federación | 1020 | 2 | 80,10 | 0,16 | 0,12 | 1,15 | 6,15 | 10,4 | 12,0 | 31,33 | 1,490 |
310 | La Paz | 4025 | 1 | 82,00 | 0,12 | 0,12 | 0,59 | 4,98 | 10,1 | 11,7 | 38,32 | 1,220 |
311 | La Paz | 4050 | 1 | 82,20 | 0,12 | 0,08 | 0,73 | 1,63 | 10,0 | 11,6 | 36,64 | 1,240 |
312 | La Paz | 2010 | 1 | 81,40 | 0,04 | 0,21 | 0,38 | 1,69 | 9,8 | 11,3 | 36,16 | 1,270 |
313 | Villaguay | 4000 | 2 | 81,20 | 0,04 | 0,20 | 1,02 | 2,05 | 9,8 | 11,3 | 35,72 | 1,330 |
314 | Villaguay | 4100 | 1 | 82,00 | 0,43 | 0,09 | 0,47 | 5,17 | 9,8 | 11,3 | 36,74 | 1,300 |
315 | Gualeguay | 4060 | 1 | 80,00 | 0,31 | 0,92 | 0,44 | 1,48 | 10,0 | 11,6 | 35,22 | 1,220 |
316 | Gualeguay | 3025 | 1 | 79,60 | 0,17 | 0,36 | 0,58 | 1,79 | 10,6 | 12,3 | 32,48 | 1,680 |
317 | Gualeguaychu | 4560 | 2 | 80,70 | 0,18 | 0,33 | 0,52 | 1,47 | 10,0 | 11,6 | 35,92 | 1,500 |
318 | Gualeguaychu | 4450 | 2 | 80,70 | 0,22 | 0,39 | 0,75 | 4,34 | 10,5 | 12,1 | 32,38 | 1,650 |
319 | Gualeguaychu | 4100 | 1 | 79,30 | 0,18 | 0,30 | 0,87 | 1,74 | 10,5 | 12,1 | 32,22 | 1,530 |
320 | Nogoyá | 4050 | 1 | 81,50 | 0,04 | 0,25 | 1,16 | 6,23 | 10,3 | 11,9 | 35,62 | 1,480 |
321 | Nogoyá | 4110 | 1 | 81,20 | 0,21 | 0,32 | 0,89 | 6,31 | 10,5 | 12,1 | 32,62 | 1,710 |
322 | Nogoyá | 3025 | 1 | 81,90 | 0,07 | 0,21 | 0,71 | 2,14 | 9,8 | 11,3 | 37,38 | 1,550 |
323 | Uruguay | 4030 | 2 | 80,80 | 0,25 | 0,28 | 0,74 | 7,08 | 10,3 | 11,9 | 32,68 | 1,670 |
324 | Uruguay | 4010 | 1 | 80,20 | 0,04 | 0,15 | 1,05 | 2,76 | 10,2 | 11,8 | 33,44 | 1,540 |
325 | Victoria | 4120 | 1 | 80,70 | 0,07 | 0,18 | 0,29 | 7,36 | 10,0 | 11,6 | 36,74 | 1,780 |
326 | Victoria | 4060 | 1 | 80,90 | 0,07 | 0,17 | 0,34 | 3,11 | 9,8 | 11,3 | 35,70 | 1,600 |
327 | Tala | 4050 | 1 | 79,40 | 0,40 | 0,11 | 0,68 | 2,64 | 10,3 | 11,9 | 33,52 | 1,590 |
328 | San Salvador | 4110 | 2 | 80,40 | 0,63 | 0,59 | 1,06 | 6,36 | 10,4 | 12,0 | 34,30 | 1,660 |
329 | Concordia | 1130 | 1 | 81,20 | 0,07 | 0,15 | 0,44 | 6,58 | 9,6 | 11,1 | 34,12 | 1,750 |
330 | Colón | 1090 | 1 | 81,20 | 0,12 | 0,20 | 0,49 | 4,91 | 10,3 | 11,9 | 35,66 | 1,600 |
Appendix Of Locality Composite Samples
Sample Identification | Flour Analysis | |||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Sample Number | Locality, District or Department | Milling | Farinogram | Alveogram | ||||||||||
Wet Gluten (%) | Dry Gluten (%) | Falling Number (SEC.) | Flour Yield (%) | Ash (dry basis) (%) | % WA (14 % H°) | D. T. (min.) | Stability (min.) | Degree Softening (12 min.) | P (mm) | L (mm) | W joules x 10 | P / L | ||
301 | Paraná | 23,3 | 8,2 | 406 | 73,4 | 0,526 | 59,4 | 1,9 | 2,4 | 59 | 104 | 63 | 254 | 1,65 |
302 | Paraná | 20,7 | 7,0 | 369 | 70,6 | 0,610 | 67,5 | 1,6 | 1,1 | 103 | 157 | 26 | 195 | 6,04 |
303 | Paraná | 21,2 | 7,3 | 403 | 72,7 | 0,555 | 55,3 | 17,1 | 29,3 | 19 | 94 | 71 | 261 | 1,32 |
304 | Paraná | 22,2 | 8,0 | 389 | 75,6 | 0,521 | 56,7 | 1,9 | 2,7 | 54 | 92 | 74 | 260 | 1,24 |
305 | Diamante | 20,3 | 7,5 | 368 | 68,9 | 0,567 | 68,4 | 2,1 | 1,1 | 104 | 143 | 29 | 182 | 4,93 |
306 | Diamante | 23,9 | 8,1 | 372 | 74,1 | 0,546 | 56,4 | 1,8 | 2,5 | 57 | 96 | 50 | 195 | 1,92 |
307 | Feliciano | 18,4 | 7,4 | 367 | 70,9 | 0,636 | 68,3 | 2,1 | 1,1 | 98 | 170 | 20 | 139 | 8,50 |
308 | Federal | 23,9 | 8,2 | 389 | 73,9 | 0,563 | 57,2 | 1,8 | 5,6 | 48 | 81 | 77 | 230 | 1,05 |
309 | Federación | 24,1 | 8,3 | 354 | 69,1 | 0,546 | 63,4 | 2,0 | 1,5 | 83 | 117 | 45 | 217 | 2,60 |
310 | La Paz | 24,2 | 8,2 | 382 | 74,9 | 0,529 | 57,3 | 7,8 | 22,8 | 20 | 96 | 60 | 219 | 1,60 |
311 | La Paz | 21,8 | 7,6 | 354 | 69,3 | 0,559 | 60,8 | 5,9 | 14,5 | 31 | 135 | 38 | 220 | 3,55 |
312 | La Paz | 20,4 | 7,1 | 364 | 72,0 | 0,563 | 62,7 | 1,7 | 1,5 | 76 | 137 | 31 | 193 | 4,42 |
313 | Villaguay | 21,1 | 7,3 | 387 | 72,9 | 0,578 | 56,0 | 1,7 | 2,3 | 65 | 88 | 65 | 226 | 1,35 |
314 | Villaguay | 21,7 | 7,5 | 400 | 74,6 | 0,602 | 55,9 | 1,8 | 7,0 | 50 | 68 | 80 | 184 | 0,85 |
315 | Gualeguay | 23,1 | 7,6 | 385 | 71,4 | 0,574 | 58,5 | 1,8 | 1,7 | 71 | 93 | 57 | 211 | 1,63 |
316 | Gualeguay | 23,8 | 8,2 | 367 | 69,9 | 0,573 | 55,5 | 29,7 | 41,9 | 18 | 105 | 55 | 245 | 1,91 |
317 | Gualeguaychu | 24,1 | 7,9 | 394 | 73,6 | 0,596 | 56,6 | 1,8 | 3,5 | 46 | 84 | 61 | 203 | 1,38 |
318 | Gualeguaychu | 24,6 | 8,3 | 372 | 73,1 | 0,590 | 54,0 | 28,2 | 39,8 | 20 | 88 | 71 | 245 | 1,24 |
319 | Gualeguaychu | 25,5 | 8,4 | 389 | 69,4 | 0,647 | 59,9 | 1,8 | 2,0 | 69 | 104 | 56 | 234 | 1,86 |
320 | Nogoyá | 25,8 | 8,2 | 388 | 74,8 | 0,687 | 56,2 | 6,5 | 13,3 | 39 | 82 | 67 | 190 | 1,22 |
321 | Nogoyá | 25,4 | 9,4 | 353 | 68,9 | 0,521 | 54,1 | 11,0 | 28,4 | 11 | 82 | 86 | 268 | 0,95 |
322 | Nogoyá | 23,0 | 7,4 | 383 | 72,8 | 0,678 | 63,2 | 2,0 | 1,7 | 77 | 116 | 38 | 183 | 3,05 |
323 | Uruguay | 23,9 | 8,1 | 384 | 73,4 | 0,657 | 56,7 | 1,8 | 3,8 | 44 | 78 | 90 | 249 | 0,87 |
324 | Uruguay | 24,6 | 8,3 | 409 | 69,8 | 0,615 | 55,2 | 1,9 | 5,6 | 51 | 67 | 92 | 217 | 0,73 |
325 | Victoria | 23,8 | 7,9 | 368 | 74,2 | 0,601 | 55,6 | 1,9 | 5,2 | 48 | 82 | 58 | 182 | 1,41 |
326 | Victoria | 23,7 | 7,9 | 391 | 69,5 | 0,586 | 54,7 | 1,6 | 2,9 | 60 | 70 | 76 | 203 | 0,92 |
327 | Tala | 22,6 | 7,8 | 389 | 73,8 | 0,591 | 54,1 | 27,3 | 38,9 | 20 | 94 | 65 | 242 | 1,45 |
328 | San Salvador | 25,2 | 9,3 | 437 | 71,6 | 0,576 | 56,3 | 1,7 | 16,1 | 26 | 79 | 84 | 247 | 0,94 |
329 | Concordia | 20,3 | 7,3 | 371 | 74,2 | 0,566 | 56,1 | 1,9 | 2,1 | 64 | 82 | 67 | 218 | 1,22 |
330 | Colón | 21,5 | 7,8 | 382 | 68,6 | 0,661 | 55,5 | 1,7 | 2,7 | 57 | 81 | 66 | 211 | 1,23 |