Trigo Argentino

BACKGROUND FOR THE CROP

In the 2018 season, rainfall from April to May reloaded the soil profile and favored crop implantation and growth. Winter months’ temperatures were below averages registered from 1934 to 2017, above average in May and September and almost average in October and November. Grain formation and filling were under no water stress and temperature issues. Frost hit approximately 30 times from June to October, the last one on October 2. Hail in November led to lower yields depending on how heavy the hail was in certain parts of the region.

Starting in August, weather conditions favored foliar diseases infestations, especially yellow spot and stripe rust roya. The crop was ending its tillering and at early stem extension. In September, leaf rust and wheat black or stem rust occurred in varieties known for their susceptibility. The severity of stem Fusarium infestation was either mild or low. Besides the typical symptoms of Fusarium, some white stems were observed in different plots across the province. Fusarium infestation led to brownish/reddish nodules and low internodes, as well as root rot. These symptoms correspond to periods of water deficit and fluctuations of low and high temperatures.

In some areas, frequent and heavy rains at harvest negatively impacted on quality: lower test weight, kernel vitreousness, even some shoots in some grains.

The average yield of the 2018/2019 growing season in the province was 3,773 kg/h.

MAP OF THE SUBREGION

RESULTS OF THE ANALYSES

WHEAT ANALYSIS		PARAMETERS	MINIMUM	MAXIMUM	AVERAGE	STANDARD DEVIATION	VARIATION COEFFICIENT
		Test Weight (kg/hl)	78,20	81,80	79,75	0,90	1,16
		Total Damaged Kernels(%)	0,18	2,00	0,93	0,43	46,42
		Foreign Material(%)	0,04	0,44	0,16	0,10	64,92
		Shrunken and Broken Kernels(%)	0,18	0,68	0,39	0,12	31,12
		Yellow Berry Kernels(%)	1,20	12,00	5,35	2,87	53,70
		Protein (13,5% Moisture)(%)	9,5	10,6	10,0	0,2	1,93
		Protein(dry basis)(%)	11,0	12,3	11,6	0,2	2,04
		Weight of 1000 Kernels(g)	34,80	40,20	37,94	1,34	3,53
		Ash (% dry basis(%)	1,310	1,860	1,559	0,144	9,22
	Total damaged kernels includes 0,24% green kernels, 0,06% sprot kernels with fusarium and 0,01% insect chewed kernels . No damages due to carbon, calcinated kernels and frostand kernels

GRADE DISTRIBUTION

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FLOUR ANALYSIS	PARAMETERS		MINIMUM	MAXIMUM	AVERAGE	STANDARD DEVIATION	VARIATION COEFFICIENT
	MILLING	Wet Gluten (%)	18,3	25,3	22,0	1,5	6,93
		Dry Gluten (%)	6,7	9,1	8,0	0,6	6,95
		Falling Number (s)	302	398	345	24	6,91
		Flour Yield (%)	62,10	66,00	64,08	1,04	1,62
		Ash (dry basis) (%)	0,322	0,556	0,448	0,066	14,68
	FARINOGRAM	Water Absorption (14%H°)(%)	52,8	57,5	55,6	1,1	2,04
		Development Time (min.)	1,6	14,4	6,5	4,8	74,81
		Stability (min.)	1,9	26,0	12,9	9,2	71,40
		Degree of Softening(12 min.)	17	74	44	16	36,76
	ALVEOGRAM
		P (mm)	60	100	78	8	10,67
		L (mm)	58	116	87	13	14,56
		W Joules x 10^-4	216	260	233	11	4,86
		P / L	0,52	1,72	0,90	0,25	27,84
	These results were elaborated with 26 composite samples prepared proportionally from 429 primary samples (farmer deliveries)

SUBREGION DATA

In this sub region the wheat production was 1.828.280 tons., the 9,4% of the national total. Were sampled 85.000 tons., the 4,6% of the sub region production.

APPENDIX OF LOCALITY COMPOSITE SAMPLES
SAMPLE IDENTIFICATION		WHEAT ANALYSIS
SAMPLE NUMBER	LOCALITY, DISTRICT OR DEPARTMENT	TONNAJE	GRADE	TEST WEIGT (Kg/hl)	TOTAL DAMAGED KERNELS (%)	FOREIGN MATERIAL (%)	SHRUNKEN AND BROKEN KERNELS (%)	YELLOW BERRY KERNELS (%)	PROTEIN (MOISTURE 13,5 % H°) (%)	PROTEIN (dry basis) (%)	WEIGT OF 1000 KERNELS (g)	ASH (dry basis) (%)
301	Paraná	4000	1	81,40	0,18	0,06	0,33	3,00	9,7	11,2	38,40	1,640
302	Paraná	4000	2	80,60	0,61	0,28	0,49	4,50	9,8	11,3	39,50	1,380
303	Paraná	4000	1	79,20	0,75	0,07	0,33	3,80	10,2	11,8	40,00	1,400
304	Paraná	4000	1	79,00	0,74	0,08	0,36	3,40	10,2	11,8	37,80	1,420
305	Federal	1000	2	80,80	0,18	0,04	0,64	3,00	10,5	12,1	37,70	1,420
306	Villaguay	3000	1	79,90	0,66	0,04	0,34	5,90	10,1	11,7	39,30	1,460
307	Diamante	4000	2	81,80	1,06	0,07	0,58	9,90	10,0	11,6	39,30	1,570
308	Diamante	4000	2	79,80	0,96	016	0,68	12,00	10,1	11,7	38,90	1,650
309	Diamante	2000	2	79,60	1,82	0,36	0,48	6,80	9,8	11,3	38,70	1,630
310	Concordia	1000	1	79,30	0,40	0,10	0,40	12,00	9,5	11,0	36,40	1,670
311	La Paz	4000	1	81,00	0,38	0,11	0,22	2,00	10,0	11,6	38,30	1,860
312	Tala	4000	2	79,70	0,80	0,09	0,59	8,80	10,2	11,8	36,60	1,820
313	Gualeguay	4000	2	79,70	0,77	0,44	0,37	1,20	9,8	11,3	37,10	1,500
314	Gualeguay	2000	2	79,60	0,33	0,22	0,36	2,80	10,3	11,9	36,90	1,480
315	Gualeguaychu	4000	2	78,50	1,40	0,20	0,24	3,10	10,0	11,6	37,60	1,490
316	Gualeguaychu	4000	2	79,40	1,31	0,21	0,42	2,00	10,1	11,7	36,40	1,610
317	Gualeguaychu	4000	2	78,20	0,89	0,09	0,52	4,40	9,9	11,4	35,40	1,470
318	Nogoyá	4000	2	80,20	1,33	0,35	0,51	3,95	10,3	11,9	39,50	1,310
319	Nogoyá	4000	2	80,00	2,00	0,12	0,28	7,20	9,7	11,2	38,70	1,340
320	Nogoyá	2000	1	79,00	0,80	0,05	0,32	3,40	10,1	11,7	38,30	1,590
321	Uruguay	4000	2	78,20	0,69	0,24	0,45	6,90	9,8	11,3	36,90	1,650
322	Uruguay	4000	2	80,40	1,42	0,17	0,32	9,00	9,9	11,4	34,80	1,390
323	Victoria	4000	2	79,70	1,26	0,06	0,24	4,20	10,3	11,9	39,70	1,810
324	Victoria	4000	2	78,80	0,74	0,06	0,18	8,40	10,6	12,3	38,30	1,740
325	Colón	1000	1	80,00	0,55	0,07	0,36	1,20	9,9	11,4	34,80	1,760
326	San Salvador	1000	1	80,50	0,51	0,18	0,24	3,90	10,4	12,0	40,20	1,650

APPENDIX OF LOCALITY COMPOSITE SAMPLES
SAMPLE IDENTIFICATION		FLOUR ANALYSIS
SAMPLE NUMBER	LOCALITY, DISTRICT OR DEPARTMENT	WET GLUTEN(%)	DRY GLUTEN(%)	FALLING NUMBER (sec.)	FLOUR YIELD(%)	FARINOGRAM				ALVEOGRAM				ASH(dry basis)(%)
SAMPLE NUMBER	LOCALITY, DISTRICT OR DEPARTMENT	WET GLUTEN(%)	DRY GLUTEN(%)	FALLING NUMBER (sec.)	FLOUR YIELD(%)	% WA (14 % H°)	D. T. (min.)	STABILITY (min.)	DEGREE SOFTENING(12 min.)	P	L	W	P/L	ASH(dry basis)(%)
301	Paraná	22,2	8,3	337	63,8	55,7	1,6	3,1	65	100	58	236	1,72	0,473
302	Paraná	21,9	8,0	344	65,7	57,5	2,0	4,6	46	81	81	231	1,00	0,526
303	Paraná	21,4	7,7	338	63,5	56,4	14,3	23,8	27	77	86	235	0,90	0,423
304	Paraná	20,9	7,7	308	62,6	54,4	12,3	22,2	29	82	87	259	0,94	0,432
305	Federal	25,3	9,1	330	64,20	55,4	8,0	12,7	56	60	16	219	0,52	0,449
306	Villaguay	22,8	8,2	368	63,30	56,4	9,2	14,7	50	68	106	227	0,64	0,442
307	Diamante	20,2	7,7	340	64,70	55,8	10,6	19,6	33	80	76	219	1,05	0,505
308	Diamante	23,3	8,5	302	64,50	56,5	1,9	2,5	65	88	72	240	1,22	0,432
309	Diamante	20,9	7,4	317	62,20	56,4	1,7	1,9	74	84	68	216	1,24	0,372
310	Concordia	20,4	7,6	340	62,90	56,6	2,9	2,1	60	86	80	241	1,08	0,534
311	La Paz	24,2	8,9	354	64,60	57,4	2,0	15,0	28	82	86	251	0,95	0,490
312	Tala	22,5	8,2	322	62,10	54,7	2,0	3,5	44	92	65	240	1,42	0,391
313	Gualeguay	21,9	8,1	313	65,00	53,9	12,7	22,9	25	70	99	232	0,71	0,322
314	Gualeguay	21,8	7,9	350	63,40	52,8	14,4	23,4	26	70	83	217	0,84	0,436
315	Gualeguaychu	20,1	7,3	342	64,50	55,1	1,8	26,0	64	78	82	233	0,95	0,424
316	Gualeguaychu	22,9	8,4	351	64,40	57,2	1,9	2,4	56	81	77	230	1,05	0,550
317	Gualeguaychu	20,2	6,8	393	64,00	55,1	1,7	2,7	55	70	95	230	0,74	0,556
318	Nogoyá	23,7	8,5	372	65,50	55,5	8,2	14,3	46	74	96	225	0,77	0,389
319	Nogoyá	18,3	6,7	328	63,20	54,2	11,6	23,5	24	73	92	231	0,79	0,322
320	Nogoyá	22,0	8,0	398	64,30	54,9	1,8	2,7	59	66	98	223	0,67	0,491
321	Uruguay	21,0	7,6	343	64,40	55,1	1,8	3,1	51	77	84	237	0,92	0,405
322	Uruguay	21,1	7,6	352	65,30	54,5	13,5	25,5	19	74	87	231	0,85	0,364
323	Victoria	23,5	8,2	335	66,00	55,4	7,6	22,5	17	78	91	242	0,86	0,487
324	Victoria	24,2	8,6	351	65,20	55,8	11,1	21,3	30	79	99	260	0,80	0,513
325	Colón	22,0	8,0	386	64,10	57,0	1,7	2,6	61	75	94	242	0,80	0,524
326	San Salvador	22,4	8,1	358	62,80	54,8	9,7	17,8	39	73	91	223	0,80	0,395